For a thermal model the measurements of connectors/pins must exceed what the standards (e.g. LV214) require.
But as Dr. Ludwig explains, the temperature can differ for around 10 degrees between the different areas on the pin. The use of an infrared camera revealed that also over time, the temperature within the different areas changes. A single measurement approach won’t give reliable data for a simulation model. Therefore Dr. Ludwig introduced a differential temperature sensor with synchronous measuring.

This synchronous measuring could also be implemented into a car to provide "real-time" data.

Matthias Baumgartner

„The motivation behind the thermal modelling arises from the wish of car manufactures to reduce the charging time of EVs by increasing the charging up to 600A", explains Dr. Leidner.
"But tests according to standards like LV214/PG12 won't give data about the temperature rise in the real world."

Matthias Baumgartner